Inclusive and Socialist Rhetoric in Joe Biden’s Election Speeches 2020

  

 

Inclusive and Socialist Rhetoric in Joe Biden’s Election Speeches 2020

Dig Dhoj Lawati

M. Phil. Scholar

Nepal Open University

Abstract

In democratic administrative model, the country is ruled by the political parties. To gain the reign of the country, the leaders from the different political parties must participate in periodic election. They have to win the majority votes from the sovereign public who hand over their sovereign power to their elects for certain period. But when they involve in election campaign they have to deliver their plans and future objectives concerning the country. So, to win the vote of public voter they adopt different propagandas and rhetoric to manipulate the opinion of public voters. Recently the presidential election of United States was conducted for the post of President in November, 2020. Mainly the two political parties were participated; they were Democratic and Republican parties. Joe Biden was the presidential nominee from the Democratic Party and Donald Trump was the presidential nominee from Republican Party. While Trump was advocating the conservative issues mainly concerning with the white people, Biden was proposing the future reign of United States as inclusive where every people would enjoy the life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness. He was also proposing the socialist reformations concerning the social and economic aspects of people of America. In this paper I analyze how the socialist and inclusive rhetoric was used in Biden's election campaign speech 2020 in US is analyzed by adopting the critical discourse analysis and political discourse analysis devices.

Keywords:  Socialist; Inclusive; Rhetoric; Political Rhetoric; Political Discourse Analysis; Critical Discourse Analysis   

 

1. Introduction

Practice of rhetoric originated in ancient Greece where politicians, preachers, and orators  as a rhetors practiced it to convince the listeners or their audiences. Rhetoric basically is indebted in the speeches of political actors for the convincing audiences. Rhetoric arises from the practice of oratory, acts of formal speaking before citizens gathered together- political orations, sermons, law court arguments - and also bears the influence of artistic performances and casual exchanges of conversations (Connolly, 2009). Though rhetoric is found mostly in every domain, it has been mostly used by the politicians in their political speeches. So the rhetoric, rhetorical studies, and rhetoric and composition as separate academic discipline exist in academia to study those political discourses used by politicians. In academic world speeches are taken as the discourse which are critically analyzed by applying the different rhetorical analytical tools. Within the different types of political systems leaders rely on the spoken words to contrast the benefit from their leaderships and with the danger the rises from the opponent (Charteris-Black, 2011).  Political leaders depend on such speeches aiming at persuading and convincing to the public that their saying and points are trust worthy and believable. In classical rhetoric speeches are analyzed in the theoretical framework of rhetorical genre theory; aim of such analysis is to find out the social function, occasion and place of delivery (Reisigl, 2011). 

Rhetorical analysis and research on political speeches have been becoming long tradition from the very beginning of time of Plato. For the understanding how the politicians deliver speeches to convince the audiences is the subject of interest of all time. In the rhetoric discipline different analytical procedures are developed within. Ethos, Logos and Pathos are the traditional rhetorical devices through which speeches are analyzed to find out how speeches are meant to persuade audiences. Aristotelian rhetorical devices are ethos, logos and pathos and they like ethos concerned credibility, logos concerned with logic/arguments and pathos is related to the appeal to emotion (McCormack, 2014).  In previous study of Adjei-Fobi (2011) in Ghana about the rhetoric of Nkrumah and Rawlings found that they used spoken word not only as a medium but also mask their intention; metaphors were utilized as a deliberative communicative tool in the rhetoric of the two ex-presidents. By applying the Aristotelian rhetorical framework and critical discourse and political discourse analysis political speeches are analyzed and found the hidden motive of those speakers are dog out by the previous researchers in rhetorical study and researches. Finlayson and Martin's (2011) study on British political speech of Toni Blair's last party conference speech reported that investigation in British politics can shed light political institutions and ideologies and strategies. Giordona's (2010) rhetorical analysis of Hilary Clinton's speech reported that she was found skilled orator and prolific speech giver by using striking rhetorical features in the political speech genre using the metaphor keeping meaning, ideas, and concepts together. These studies are based on the critical discourse analysis of the political speeches which were based on the rhetoric related to the linguistic critical discourse analysis. They mainly concerned with the linguistic dimensions of those political speeches. Critical discourse related to the language can only deal with the linguistic  items used by the orators. These studies are not concerned with the ideological aspects of those speeches. There is research gap and this paper fills this gap by studying the ideological aspects socialist and inclusive rhetoric in the political speeches in Joe Biden of the election campaign for the presidential poll of United States 2020. This paper has randomly selected the three speeches delivered by the democratic presidential nominee Joe Bide in Ohio, Florida, and Georgia.  His speeches will be analyzed by applying the critical and political discourse analysis method. The analytical measures will be applied in speeches of the Biden to find out what rhetoric he used in his speeches. This paper will answer the questions: what kind of ideological terms related to the inclusive and socialist rhetoric did Joe Biden use in his election campaign speeches? How he utilized the ground situation to persuade the public?

 2. Review

Before entering into the study of inclusive and socialist rhetoric of Joe Biden's speeches 2020, some topics are required to be discussed. One is the selection of the source materials; second, collecting the literatures written about the Joe Biden's speech rhetoric; and third, discussing the various methodologies related political rhetorical analysis, judging the rhetoric and public statements. As the tension between the whites and colored people was growing amid that period, the presidential election was going to be held and Biden was eager to win the situation in his favor.

The primary texts of this paper are the  speeches of democratic presidential nominee Joe Biden  taken from the archive from different You Tube channels  while there was going on the election campaign for the presidential election 2020 November 14. Three speeches of democratic nominee Joe Biden are archived from the different You Tube channels. One of them is taken the speech delivered in Coconut Creek,  Florida on 29 October, 2020. He was campaigning before a week to be voted in presidential poll and media houses were predicting a slight higher on hide than the opponent Trump in Florida. This speech was telecasted CNBC TV and archived by that television broadcaster.  One of them is the speech delivered in Cleveland,  Ohio  November 2, 2020 when the presidential election campaigns were edging. In Ohio Biden addressed was broadcasted and store red by CNBC television which is taken from the rhetorical analysis in this article. The edging classes of candidates was heating the streets ; many states had voted already before. Other speech is  archived from the Joe Biden's You Tube channel delivered in Atlanta, Georgia on  28, October 2020 a week before the election day.

Joe Biden's frequent use of word 'Folks' is not a mere word but that carries some social and economic meaning among the mass people residing in United States.  Biden left no stone unturned to win the votes of Blacks, Asian, Hispanic and the Mexican. He was trying to address the American people from the base.

Abbas (2021) reported about the Biden's skillful rhetoric through the critical discourse analysis and found that he used the images and discourse of Us indicating good and positive and images and discourse indicating bad and negative for Them. Biden used skillfully discourse positive for US and discourse of negative THEM in all speeches.  Savoy and Wehren (2021) studied stylistics and rhetorical characteristics on speeches of Trump and Biden and found that Trump used more personal pronouns than the Biden. Biden used first person pronoun ( I, We) more frequently . Republican nominee Trump used emotional words both negative and positive.  Democratic nominee Biden used symbolic, achievement term with lots of references from people and family.

Neville-Shephard’s  (2020) study on the campaign speeches of presidential election of US 2020 found that speeches expected were changed into the discourse through different channels which were often fragmented, long and endless unlikely to satisfy generic convention. Pavlikova's (2021) study about the 2020 USA presidential election on both nominees Joe Biden and Donald Trump found they both preferred to use metaphors when they were speaking about the economy, the country, and the nation. While comparing both candidates Trump used more figurative language in his speeches than his opponent than Joe Biden.  These all studies are more focused on the language discourse than the ideological discourse.

2.1 Theoretical Framework and Methodology

To dig out the socialist and inclusive rhetoric of Joe Biden's election campaign speeches 2020 some design and methodologies adaptable in this paper's purpose will be used.  Political rhetorical analysis proposed by Worsham (2002) takes it as involving rhetorical categories to explore how political actors make interventions to control or ‘appropriate’ particular situations. These interventions can be understood as strategic in that they are a means to negotiate the opportunities and constraints of any circumstances as to achieve certain ends. They do this by deploying ideas – or, better, arguments – to reorient audiences in relation to the prevailing situation. Rhetoric helps us understand how political actors attempt to create agency by resituating an issue in time and space so as to realize their goals.

Another paper by the Burnyeat (2015) present judging rhetoric as ethical judgments inevitably intrude even on our judgments of technique applies to all three of the traditional rhetorical kinds – deliberative, forensic, and epideictic. It is applicable into every rhetorical domain, whether broad or narrow. Yunis (2017) put forward Plato’s efforts to develop a form of rhetoric that would serve proper political ends become evident in his two large-scale attempts– the Republic and the Laws – to imagine political communities under the control of philosophy. In both dialogues the purpose of the state is to enhance knowledge and virtue among the citizens individually and the community as a whole; all are benefited by philosophical rule.

Andrew (2012) states the rhetorical analysis as its focus is on political speeches art of discourse and it tries to find out how such discourses are made and received, who are the composes and audiences, what is the occasion, how the exchange is constructed.  Rhetoric is about who communicates what to whom about what, in which modes and media, how and  why—though the latter function encroaches into the territory of philosophy (Andrews 2013).  According to the Firestone (1987) the qualitative research method in rhetoric believes there are multiple realities in social phenomenological paradigm. Researcher interprets and describes so as to persuade that he is really digging out the reality. In the same way Glen, Cheryl and Jessica (2010) discuss about the historiography method in rhetoric and composition studies and stare that it is the rich gift of the archival recovery which forwards the the field as they identify new materials and reread old ones and contextualize in terms of contemporary scholarly conversations.

Connor (2004) proposed the new method for intercultural rhetoric research that emphasized using variety of research tools to find the baseline comparison to explain similarities and differences in written texts and other writing activities through number of qualitative approaches. One of the most used methodology in social sciences is critical discourse analysis ( CDA) which analyses the semiotic dimensions of power, injustice and political-economic, social, cultural change in society; its root lies in rhetoric, text linguistics, anthropology, philosophy, socio psychology, cognitive science, literary studies,  and sociolinguistics (Wodak, 2014). Following this line of reasoning, Fairclough (2013) states that critical discourse analysis (CDA) brings the critical tradition of social analysis into language studies and contributes to critical social analysis a particular focusing on discourse and on relations between discourse and other social elements ( power relations, ideologies, institutions, social identities, and so forth). Using the critical discourse analysis this paper aims to analyze democratic presidential nominee Biden’s rhetoric related to the socialist and inclusive domain that he used in selected speeches. Van Dijk (1997) recommends political discourse analysis  for analyzing the political speeches which deal with both political discourse and critical political discourse. Though there are many approaches in critical discourse analysis, critical-political discourse analysis  deals with the reproduction of political power, power abuse or domination through political discourse, including the various forms of resistance or counter power against such forms of  rational dominance.

Fairclough and Fairclough (2013) state political discourse analysis method as analysis of political discourse from a critical perspective, a perspective which analyzes the production and examination of political power through the political discourse.  In this paper the speeches of Biden are selected as the political discourse and will be analyzed withe the analytical measure taken from the political discourse analysis (PDA) and critical discourse analysis (CDA).

All the reviewed literatures on Joe Biden's election campaign speeches 2020 are focused on the skillful rhetoric about the bad and negative effects discourse, stylistics and metaphorical language, fragmented discourses, and metaphoric choices. These studies are not broad enough to cover the rhetoric that Biden used in his election campaign of presidential poll of US 2020. These studies are more focused only on language discourse. Biden must have used many more rhetoric to win the votes of American citizens. Other ideological and political discourses are left to be uncovered from the political speeches of Biden. There is gap of uncovering ideological discourses from the presidential speeches of Joe Biden.

This paper analyses the hidden political and ideological rhetoric related the socialist and inclusive in election campaign speeches of Joe Biden. The earlier research works are only focused on the discourse of language in the speeches of democratic presidential nominee of Joe Biden presidential poll of US 2020. This paper applies the analytical measure from the critical discourse and political discourse analysis method for the analysis of the election speeches of Joe Biden. This paper takes the randomly selected three speeches of Biden and applies the analytical methods of critical and political discourse analysis to answer the following questions; how the Biden expressed the socialist and inclusive rhetoric in his election campaign speeches? And what kind of ideology language he adopted to deliver those ideologies in his speeches?

3. Analysis

For the analytical purpose selected speeches of Joe Biden are transcribed and extracted summary of each speech. Then critical and political discourse analysis method is applied in each speech to dig out the ideological parts of the speeches. Applying those analytical measures mainly the socialist and inclusive ideologies will be traced out from the campaign speeches of Joe Biden.

3.1 Speech 1 Joe Biden : 28/10/2020 Address Atlanta, Georgia

Summary:

He addresses public as 'Folks' frequently to the mass. He thanks Mayor Keisha Bottoms of Atlanta for supporting the campaigns from early. He puts his wishes best wishes for the candidates for senate and house of representative. He encourages to vote because only the power of vote can change the country. He is too optimistic about the America and American people. He reminds that more than two hundred and twenty five thousand people died because of the COVID 19 and seven thousand eight hundred in Georgia. Millions of people are out of their job. He blames Trump administration failure of controlling the pandemic. He blames Trump's saying that people have to learn to live with it( Corona Virus). He promises that he will responsibly control it with testing, tracing, and masking. He requests people to wear masks for few months that would save one hundred thousand lives. He blames Trump for not listening the science and politicizing the vaccine race. He promises he will distribute vaccine freely when it comes. He will manage the state fund for the PP, masks, gloves and all the things to open the schools and businesses to run safely. He bring all parties to deliver the economic relief for families, schools, and business  but Trump did nothing to bring all parties together.  He promises he will not shut down the country and economy but he will shut down the virus. He will build the economy the Trump crashed without raising the taxes on the middle class. But he will raise taxes from the wealthiest and biggest corporation. They will deliver tax for working families, the middle class for buying home, for paying their healthcare premiums or childcare or caring for an aging loved one. He warns of insurers jacking up premiums and denying the coverage and women taking charge more for their healthcare just because they are women. He says healthcare is privilege for Trump but it is American right for him. If he is voted and wins the election Obama care will be restored. He will increase the subsidies and lower the premium and deduction.  He will protect Social Security and Medicare. Trump failed to condemn the white supremacy and he does not believe in existence of systematic racism. But Biden he believes Black Lives Matter. He approves the nationwide protest because that is cry for justice from a community. He will give priority on good paying jobs and he will implement fifteen dollar minimum wage nationwide. He will raise the economy and raise the standard of living for everybody. When the folks at bottom do better everybody does better and all the way up the ladder. He will give real shot to the black and minority families to own the home, small business, debt free college education so they can build wealth and pass on opportunity through the generation like middle class families. He will increase in investment of minority serving intuitions HBCU ( Historically Black College or University) so the children of minority can go university. If he is elected as president every American will be seen, heard and respected.

Critical and Political Discourse Analysis:

Though America is no the socialist country it has adopted many aspects of socialism. Socialism is concerned with the equality, freedom and prosperity. The socialist components of America are the government regulations, policies promoting a welfare states, nationalization , welfare state responsible for its citizens, providing health care, education, unemployment compensation, social security, housing and public welfare ( Dictionary, 1998). Joe Biden in his speech in Georgia indicates many works concerning the socialist characteristics. The ongoing corona virus pandemic was not effectively controlled by the Trump administration according to the Biden. He tries to convince  the attendees of that campaign the he will control the and shut down the virus by testing. Masking and tracing it very responsibly. He thinks it is the duty of the state to fight such pandemic. But trump administration lets American people to live with it according to him. His promises of free distribution of vaccine and state funding for the PP, masks, for the opening for the schools and business can be taken as  another socialist program because those things will be done as the responsible of country. His promise of bringing the economic relief by bringing all parties together also resembles the state's involvement in economic relief.  His plan to build the economy by not imposing the tax on middle class family and lower income professional indicate the economic equality to be created. He has the plan to impose income tax only on the big corporation and wealthiest citizens. Imposing progressive tax and expending that money in the healthcare, education and housing for the needy people resembles the socialist characteristics in the Biden's rhetoric in election speech.  He will restore the Obama care and social security which is ignored by the Trump administration. Only the welfare state ensures the social security for the aged and needy people. Biden's speech rhetoric clearly indicates that he will adopt the welfare state model of economy. He has a plan to give real shot to the houseless people to own the home, start small business, and send their kids debt free college. He also has a plan to finance the traditionally black college and universities so that child re from black families can have access of college education.

Society cannot run smoothly when some communities are left behind from the main stream of the country. So there appeared the concept of inclusive states. Inclusive states enables each party to get more incentives to make close to each other that leads to the most powerful and capable type of state (Acemoglu, Doran and  James A. Robinson, 2017). He assures the women that some insurers are reluctant for the health insurance coverage just because of they are women. Healthcare is the right of American people for Biden. His blames on Trump for failing to condemn the white supremacy and not believing the existence of the systematic racism in America reflects his rhetoric toward the inclusive state.  There was going on nationwide protest for the the Black Lives Matter and Biden takes it as the cry for the justice. Ther is time and again comes the report of violence against the Asian. Hispanic, Mexican and Blacks. Biden p's election speech rhetoric indicate that he wants to make America more inclusive where everyone can enjoy the life , liberty and pursuit of happiness. 

3.2 Speech 2 Joe Biden: 29/10/2020 Broward County, Florida

He thanks all for being there and wearing masks and maintain distance. He addresses public as 'Folks'. He gives sympathy to the families who lost their family members because of the corona virus. He encourages them to vote because the power of their vote can change the country for coming up generation. He warns that if Florida goes blue (Republican) everything will be over. He gives credit to the middle class for the development of country. He blames Trump administration for giving up the situation and not trying to control the situation. He also blames Trump for making division in addition, division and discord in Florida. He focuses on such president who can unite them than dividing the American society. He assures the free distribution of COVID 19  vaccine after its availability. He fund the for the PPE, the masks and everything that need for the protection. He will set the national standard for the reopen of the schools and business.  He will bring together the Republican and Democrats for bringing the economic relief for working families, the young employed, for schools, for businesses. Twenty million people are losing their home so he will not shot down the economy. But he will shot down the virus. He blames Trump destroying the economy but he will build back the economy that will reward work, not wealth. He will not impose the tax up to the four hundred thousand dollars but when earning more than that they have to pay their fair share. He will raise tax from the wealthy people and major corporation. He will deliver tax relief for working families in the middle class. He will help people to buy home and pay for their healthcare premium. He will fund for the childcare and care for aging people. He thinks that healthcare is right of American but Trump thinks it is privilege. From the healthcare funding will be beneficial for the people suffering from the preexisting conditions like asthma, diabetes, heart scarring, lung scarring, heart diseases. If he gets elected he will reestablish Obama care. He will increase subsidies for the health insurance premiums. He will protect social security and Medicare which is thought to be bankrupt by 2023 by Trump. He is in favor of black lives matter and there is existence of systematic racism in America. Trump is in favor of whiter supremacy. Black lives matter protest in streets are the cry for justice from communities that have been denied justice for long time. He is going to inspire a new wave of justice in America, but true justice is also about economic justice and education, housing, access to capital, good paying jobs. It is financial stability and giving families of color to own a home, to start a business, to send a child to college debt free. They can build the wealth and pass on down through generation. He blames Trump of dividing America on race, nationality, national origin, gender  but he chooses unity over the division and he chooses hope over fear.

Critical and Political Discourse Analysis

This election campaign speech delivered in Broward County Florida also carries the inclusive and American model of socialist programs.  Biden's address to the mass as 'Folks' carries the special rhetoric of the equality and dignity. The word folks is used for the people from the ground and  working class people. He gives credit of development to the middle class families. He blames of Trump not controlling corona virus pandemic; he is letting people to live with it. But Biden tries to control the virus in the direct involvement of the state making making proper availability of masks, vaccination, and  tracing the virus. His willingness of the role of state is the indication of the socialist model of  the state. He has a plan not to raise tax from the middle class family and working professional. But he will raise the tax from the wealthy people and big corporations and spend that money for the working class families to own the home, pay for healthcare premiums, and start small business. He will continue the social security for the aged people. Health care funding will be beneficial for the preexisting conditions patients from heart disease, asthma, long scarring and diabetes. He will subsidies the health care premiums for the working class people. Theses rhetoric of Biden clearly resonates the socialist characteristic of economy and state that he aims to achieve.

His speech also carries the rhetoric of inclusive state building by bringing the all people of race, background, and history. He blames Trump for creating racial division in Florida. But he will bring all people of color and background because America needs such president who can unite the country than dividing people. Trump is infamous of white supremacy according to him but he believes there is no existence of the structurally racism in America. He is in favor of ongoing protest for the Black Lives Matter because that is the cry of the justice. He will bring the new wave of justice but justice is the relative with the education, access of healthcare, good paying jobs, housing, and access to capital. He has a plan for financial support for the color families to own home, start small business and send their kids debt free college. He blames Trump for making division in race, nationality, national origin, and gender but but he chooses to unity over division. These statements clearly indicate the inclusive nation building rhetoric of the Joe Biden.

3.3 Speech 3: Joe Biden : Cleveland,  Ohio 2 November 2020

He thanks to all the attendees of  Cleveland Ohio.  He promises tomorrow  they will unite the divided nation by Trump by spreading hate across the country. His first priority is to control the corona virus by effectively implementing masking, social distancing, testing and tracing. He has the plan for free distribution of therapeutics and vaccines. He requests them all to wear mask. He blames Trump for all the virus infection infection and deaths because he did not take effective measure for controlling it. He will maintain the balance trade with china and end tax loopholes to stop shipping jobs overseas. He will add surtax who will  ship jobs overseas. He will offer ten percent tax credit who brings back companies in American manufacturing and bring jobs back home. He will raise income tax who earns more than four hundred thousand dollars. He will not impose tax on middle class and professional people like firefighter, and educator, a cop and a welder. He will protect the healthcare from which five million from Ohio will benefit who are suffering from the preexisting conditions. He thinks health care is the right of American people. He will restore the Affordable Care Act which is shattered by the Trump administration. From that everyone will be able to keep private insurance or they can choose a Medicare like the public option in the new plan. He will increase subsidies and lower premiums and deductibles, out of pocket expenses and surprise billings. He will reduce drug costs by sixty percent by allowing Medicare to negotiate drug prices for all Americans. Trump believes Social Security would be bankrupt by 2023. But he is going to protect Social Security. He will act to bring racial justice in America. Ongoing protest and demonstration are for the cry of justice .  justice is not meant the deal with police but it is about the jobs and building wealth, about families, and education. His government will give real shot to own home, to start small business, and send the child to college debt free. He blames Trump dividing the America in race, gender, ethnicity, and national origin. But he believes unity over division.

Critical and Political Discourse Analysis

This speech delivered in Cleveland Ohio on 2 November also resonates the socialists rhetoric relating to the state funding in housing , healthcare, taxation, and social security. He is longing to involve state in control of the corona virus by testing, tracing, and masking. He will distribute the corona vaccine free after its availability. He will consider the tax reduction for companies which stay in the country and provide jobs. But he will increase the tax rate for the companies which shift overseas. He will maintain the trade with China. He will not impose the tax earning lower than the four hundred thousand dollars. But he will raise the tax from big corporations and wealthy families and that money will be spent in healthcare and education. For Biden healthcare is the right of American people. So he will restore the Affordable Care Act which is wiped out by the Trump. From which millions of people from Ohio will benefit suffering from the preexisting conditions. They will be able to choose affordable insurance or they can hold their own private insurance. He will reduce the cost of drugs of by sixty percent.  From this act people from suffering from the precondition will benefit. His main focus is social security because Trump administration has announced that it will become bankrupt by the 2023. These statements of the Joe Biden clearly indicates that he is using the socialist rhetoric to win the vote of the people. The welfare state model is found to be preferred by Biden where the state government interfere the life of its citizen for the welfare of the people.

In this speech of Biden inclusive rhetoric is found in many points that made. His main concern is that Trump is making division regarding the race by spreading hatred among the different national origins. He will work to maintain the racial justice in America. After killing of George Floyd there  broke out the mass protest across the America. People stated the campaign Black Lives Matter.  Biden takes it as the cry for the justice which was denied for long time to the colored people. But for him racial justice not clash with police but it is concerned with providing jobs, making wealth, and giving access to education. Trump is making division in race, color, national origin. But he will maintain unity over division. He will bring special packages for the color family to own home, start small business, and send kids debt free college. These rhetoric carries the meaning for desire of inclusive state building.

4. Conclusion

Democratic presidential nominee Joe Biden found to use many social and inclusive rhetoric in his election campaign speeches 2020. Biden used the rhetoric relating the socialist welfare state and inclusive in the presidential poll of America of 2020. He mainly wanted to take the advantage of racial division created by Trump by giving the inclusive rhetoric. He proposed the social model of economy by involving the state business in the welfare of the people including the employment, housing, social security, and healthcare. He was found to advocate the equality, freedom and prosperity by adopting the socialist model of welfare state, responsible for citizen, providing healthcare, education, unemployment compensation, social security and housing. His first priority goes to the controlling of the ongoing corona virus pandemic by strictly implementing the masking, tracing and testing nationwide. He even had the plan of distributing corona virus vaccine free of cost after its availability. This his socialist rhetoric that he wants the  state to involve in its all effort. At the same time Trump was ignoring the state involvement in controlling the corona virus. He proposes to fund for PP and  masks for opening the business and schools. His another important socialist rhetoric reflects in his taxation planning. He wanted to raise tax from the wealthy people and big corporations. He wanted to make working people benefit from those taxation because he had plans to spend that money in the education, healthcare and social security for the aged people and working class families. He has a plan for the working class families to own home, start small business, and send their kid debt free colleges. He will increase health care funding from which preexistence conditions people will benefit like heart diseases, asthma, long scaring, and diabetes. He is willing to restore the Obama care and Affordable care Act discarded by the Trump administration. Form those programs working class people will be able to take health care and pay their health insurance premium. Such promise holds the socialist ideological trait in the speech of the Joe Biden.

He was found to use inclusive rhetoric to win the vote of non-white voters. He condemned the white supremacy advocated by Trump. He advocated that there is no existence of systematic racism in America. He even met the daughter of George Floyd white person killed by the police. From that incident Black Lives Matter movement broke out in America. He proposes to increase the fund minority serving institutions like HBCU black colleges and universities from that kids from minorities and black families con get college education. Biden found to be using the rhetoric related to the inclusive state building in America. Specially the women of color are being denied the private hold of health insurance but Biden promises that he will increase the subsidy for the health care. The findings of this study reflects that how the politicians use ideological rhetoric in their speeches to persuade and win the vote of the voters. As other politicians Joe Biden was clever enough to analyze the ground situation and use the the suitable ideological rhetoric of the inclusive and socialist to win the vote of the mass voter of the United States. In his effort he succeeded to win the vote of the people by winning the presidential poll of 2020. This study is the based on the rhetoric of Joe Biden, so it cannot be generalized that how the politicians use ideological rhetoric in particular context. For that,  additional study is need to find out the ideological connection between the speeches of the politicians and their rhetoric.

 

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